Falls are the seventh leading cause of death in people over the age of 65. Over two hundred thousand falls a year result in hip fractures. However, many falls can be easily prevented. Below are some easy tips for helping to prevent falls.

• Have a lamp or switch that can be easily reached without getting out of bed. Use night-lights in the bedroom, bathrooms and the hallways or keep a flashlight near the bed and in the kitchen. This will make it easier to avoid tripping when going to the bathroom in the middle of the night.

• Leave at least one inside light on when leaving for the evening, as well as an exterior light.

• Install handrails on both sides of stairs.

• Add grab bars in the shower, tub and toilet areas and use bath mats with suction cups or use nonslip adhesive strips in the shower or tub. These can be helpful also for families with small children or if not feeling well. Use a shower bench or chair.

• Consider an elevated toilet seat if having difficulty getting off the toilet without lots of effort.

• Wear non-slip shoes or slippers- fit and stability are more important than looks.

• Use helping devices such as canes or walkers, especially at night or for long distances when fatigued or sleepy. It is better to be a little embarrassed than have a hip fracture.

• Remove all clutter in the home. Keep electrical and telephone cords out of walking pathways. Remove throw rugs if possible, or attach non-slip backing to other rugs or runners that tend to slip. These are some of the most common preventable sources of falls.

• Purchase a step stool with handrails. Do not stand on a chair to reach items.

• Review medication with your doctor or pharmacist. Some drugs, including over- the- counter drugs can cause drowsiness, and dizziness. If you feel dizzy or light-headed, sit down and stay seated until your head clears. Stand up slowly to avoid unsteadiness. Watch your alcohol intake. More than two drinks can cause unsteadiness.

• Exercise regularly to improve muscle flexibility and strength, even just playing catch with the grand kids. Many simple exercises like stepping in place, stepping side to side, and standing on one foot (in front of kitchen sink to have something to hold on to if necessary) help improve balance. Tai Chi exercises have been shown to improve strength, flexibility and balance, and help with fall prevention (available at the YMCA and many recreation programs). Your physical therapist can instruct in more specific exercises and strategies if you have already had problems with falling.